The selection, appraisal and retention of digital scientific data: dighlights of an ERPANET/CODATA workshop

CODATA and ERPANET collaborated to convene an international archiving workshop on the selection, appraisal, and retention of digital scientific data, which was held on 15-17 December 2003 at the Biblioteca Nacional in Lisbon, Portugal. The workshop brought together more than 65 researchers, data and information managers, archivists, and librarians from 13 countries to discuss the issues involved in making critical decisions regarding the long-term preservation of the scientific record. One of the major aims for this workshop was to provide an international forum to exchange information about data archiving policies and practices across different scientific, institutional, and national contexts. Highlights from the workshop discussions are presented

Греко-латинская этимология в медицинской терминологии

The aim of this paper work is to elucidate the etymology of medical terms in Romanian language, filling so the partial vacuum at this chapter. The nucleus of medical terminology is formed of “scholarly languages”, a proof that the legacy left by Greco-Romans is the cradle of European spirituality and by means of this, of modern thinking generally.” The terms used in medicine are like puzzles that have hired meaning throughout history, according to human ideas and human effort in understanding the forces of nature which, in turn, determines the human destiny and death. The history investigation of terminologies formation is quite difficult, but offers the advantage of understanding and explaining the scientific term, used either in medicine or in another field. This knowledge is provided by a conscious assimilation of a new term, unknown at first sight, by knowing the meanings of Greco-Latin scholarly elements that they contain.Целью данной работы является объяснение этимологии медицинских терминов в румынском языке, дополняя, таким образом, частичный пробел данной главы. Ядро медицинской терминологии формируется «научными» языками, доказательство того, что «наследство, оставленное греко-римским миром, является колыбелью европейской духовности, а также совершенного мышления в целом». Термины, используемые в медицине, сходны с загадками, которые создавали смысл на протяжении истории, совместно с человеческими идеями и с человеческими попытками понять силы природы, которые, в свою очередь, определяют человеческую судьбу и смерть. Исследование истории формирования терминологии – это довольно сложная работа, но которая предоставляет преимущество в понимании и объяснении научных терминов, используемых как в медицине, так и в других сферах деятельности. Эти знания являются условием сознательного усвоения нового термина, на первый взгляд незнакомого, через знание значений, которые содержат научные элементы греческого и латинского происхождения

Comparative appreciation of the effectiveness antianemic medicinal remedies and correlation between iron deficiency anemia and gastric pathology in children

Department of Pediatry, Nicolae Testemitsanu State Uiversity of Medicine and Pharmacy, Institute of Mother and Child, Chisinău, the Rebublic of MoldovaBackground: The problem of iron deficiency anemia in children is dependent on the evolution,of the pathology character, status of patients and particularities of each, but the most important are the therapeutic possibilities. Iron salts long period administration has resulted in a low percent of assimilation. Last clinical research and experimental studies have found new technologies and new antianemic drugs – Iron hydroxide with polymaltose or sucrose. Material and methods: The present study contains results of three antianemic remedies: Sorbifer Durules, Ferfol and Hemoglovit. The participants after screening were divided into three groups: 1. Group I – 32 children received Hemoglovit, 2. Group II – 18 children received Sorbifer Durules and the third group – 10 children received Ferfol. All the participants in the study have been investigated for gatsric pathology by two methods: fibrogastroduodenoscopy and gatsric biopsy. Results: Subjective and objective data were considerably improved after antianemic treatment. Peripheral blood indices were reestablished the same after all three drugs. We have ascertained a pathogenic mechanism of gastric pathology influence on anemia evolution. Conclusions: One of the anemia causes is the lack of an efficient treatment of functional as well as morphological changes that occur in the digestive tract

The Posttraumatic Occlusion of the Vertebral Artery: Case presentation

We investigate radiographic features of vertebral artery injury/occlusion associated with nonpenetrating cervical spine trauma and to demonstrate the importance of the CTA in high-risk cases. With the popularization of CTA (Computed Tomography Angiography) and MRA (Magnetic Resonance Angiography), vertebral artery injury has been a common complication of cervical spine trauma. The occlusion of the vertebral artery secondary to non-penetrating trauma of the cervical spine (fractures and/dislocations) can be found in approximately 20% of the cases. Vertebral artery occlusion was rarely symptomatic because of sufficient collateral blood supply through not only contralateral vertebral artery but also the circle of Willis

The LBNO long-baseline oscillation sensitivities with two conventional neutrino beams at different baselines

The proposed Long Baseline Neutrino Observatory (LBNO) initially consists of $\sim 20$ kton liquid double phase TPC complemented by a magnetised iron calorimeter, to be installed at the Pyh\"asalmi mine, at a distance of 2300 km from CERN. The conventional neutrino beam is produced by 400 GeV protons accelerated at the SPS accelerator delivering 700 kW of power. The long baseline provides a unique opportunity to study neutrino flavour oscillations over their 1st and 2nd oscillation maxima exploring the $L/E$ behaviour, and distinguishing effects arising from $\delta_{CP}$ and matter. In this paper we show how this comprehensive physics case can be further enhanced and complemented if a neutrino beam produced at the Protvino IHEP accelerator complex, at a distance of 1160 km, and with modest power of 450 kW is aimed towards the same far detectors. We show that the coupling of two independent sub-MW conventional neutrino and antineutrino beams at different baselines from CERN and Protvino will allow to measure CP violation in the leptonic sector at a confidence level of at least $3\sigma$ for 50\% of the true values of $\delta_{CP}$ with a 20 kton detector. With a far detector of 70 kton, the combination allows a $3\sigma$ sensitivity for 75\% of the true values of $\delta_{CP}$ after 10 years of running. Running two independent neutrino beams, each at a power below 1 MW, is more within today's state of the art than the long-term operation of a new single high-energy multi-MW facility, which has several technical challenges and will likely require a learning curve.Comment: 21 pages, 12 figure

Compulsory admissions of patients with mental disorders : State of the art on ethical and legislative aspects in 40 European countries

Copyright: This record is sourced from MEDLINE/PubMed, a database of the U.S. National Library of MedicineBACKGROUND.: Compulsory admission procedures of patients with mental disorders vary between countries in Europe. The Ethics Committee of the European Psychiatric Association (EPA) launched a survey on involuntary admission procedures of patients with mental disorders in 40 countries to gather information from all National Psychiatric Associations that are members of the EPA to develop recommendations for improving involuntary admission processes and promote voluntary care. METHODS.: The survey focused on legislation of involuntary admissions and key actors involved in the admission procedure as well as most common reasons for involuntary admissions. RESULTS.: We analyzed the survey categorical data in themes, which highlight that both medical and legal actors are involved in involuntary admission procedures. CONCLUSIONS.: We conclude that legal reasons for compulsory admission should be reworded in order to remove stigmatization of the patient, that raising awareness about involuntary admission procedures and patient rights with both patients and family advocacy groups is paramount, that communication about procedures should be widely available in lay-language for the general population, and that training sessions and guidance should be available for legal and medical practitioners. Finally, people working in the field need to be constantly aware about the ethical challenges surrounding compulsory admissions.Peer reviewe

Compulsory admissions of patients with mental disorders : State of the art on ethical and legislative aspects in 40 European countries

Background. Compulsory admission procedures of patients with mental disorders vary between countries in Europe. The Ethics Committee of the European Psychiatric Association (EPA) launched a survey on involuntary admission procedures of patients with mental disorders in 40 countries to gather information from all National Psychiatric Associations that are members of the EPA to develop recommendations for improving involuntary admission processes and promote voluntary care. Methods. The survey focused on legislation of involuntary admissions and key actors involved in the admission procedure as well as most common reasons for involuntary admissions. Results. We analyzed the survey categorical data in themes, which highlight that both medical and legal actors are involved in involuntary admission procedures. Conclusions. We conclude that legal reasons for compulsory admission should be reworded in order to remove stigmatization of the patient, that raising awareness about involuntary admission procedures and patient rights with both patients and family advocacy groups is paramount, that communication about procedures should be widely available in lay-language for the general population, and that training sessions and guidance should be available for legal and medical practitioners. Finally, people working in the field need to be constantly aware about the ethical challenges surrounding compulsory admissions.Peer reviewe